Making cost effective construction

Due to increasing cost of construction/building, cost effective construction techniques are required. Such techniques provide strong, environment friendly, ecological, energy efficient construction. Initially you can construct using R - trap bond which is economical, strong and aesthetic. This bond saves 25% of total number of bricks and 40% of mortar. Funicular shells over edge beams provide an attractive alternative to RCC construction for small to medium spans and are cost effective since required quantity of steel and cement is much less and saves on costly shuttering.

Fly ash gypsum stabilized mud blocks with less water absorption capacity are much stronger and cheaper than cement stabilized blocks. Using 5 to 10% fly ash G in construction, 30% saving in cement can be achieved in addition to utilization of waste product like fly ash. Pre cast concrete blocks having similar dimension of stone blocks without large size stone pieces have excellent properties in comparison to additional masonry blocks which are cheaper and facilitate speedy construction.



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Brick Bonds

High-quality brick bonds ensure the strength of entire brick works and add to the beauty of brick walls and brick pillars. As for example English bond is widely used and is considered to be the strongest bond. Let' s a few types of bonds.


Rat-Trap: Bond Rat-trap bond is laid by placing bricks on their sides having a cavity of 4 (100 mm), with alternate course of stretchers and headers. The headers and stretchers are staggered in subsequent layers to give more strength to the walls. R trap bond takes 20% less bricks, 24% less cement and has 25% less weight than English bond. This bond helps in maintaining good thermal comfort inside the building.

Header Bond: All bricks are arranged in header courses in header bond. This bond is used for curved surface in brick work because if stretcher is used for curved surface, it would project beyond the face of wall.

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Brick Arches

Brick arches enrich aesthetic beauty and offer architectural view of the buildings. They cover openings of door and windows and transfer the upper loads to the side of walls. The arches need not any extra reinforcements as brick lintels do because of wedge shaped units. A number of arches have been developed over centuries. Here are given details of a few arch designs.

• Fine axed brick arch: these arches are constructed carefully by setting bricks into required shape. The bricks are cut into wedge shape properly for fine architectural work in buildings. These arches are constructed with bricks in contrasting colors and the finished shape of fine brick arch gives pleasing appearance.


• Gauged brick arch: gauged brick arch is very ornamental and expensive. The bricks have fine dressing before use and the joints between bricks are also very fine. Only a skilled mason with sound knowledge of geometry can construct these arches.

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